A pokie is what Australians call a slot machine. The term started as “poker machine” in Aussie pubs in the early 20th century — the earliest versions were literally poker-themed — and shortened to “pokie” by the 1970s. Technically it’s a misnomer; today’s pokies are slot machines, not poker. But the name stuck, and calling them anything else in Australia just sounds foreign.
The first slot machine — the Liberty Bell, built by Charles Fey in San Francisco in 1895 — had three mechanical reels, five symbols, and a single payline. It stayed essentially unchanged for 70 years. Then in the 1960s, Bally introduced the first electromechanical slot, and in 1976, the first true video slot appeared in Las Vegas — a television screen inside the machine.
Australia’s connection to pokies is particularly strong. Aristocrat Leisure, founded in Sydney in 1953, grew into one of the world’s largest slot manufacturers. For most of the 20th century, pokies lived in pubs, clubs, and casinos. Then, in the late 1990s, the internet changed everything. The first online casinos launched in 1994, and by the early 2000s, online pokies started matching — then exceeding — their land-based counterparts in graphics, variety, and payout percentages.
Today, online pokies are the dominant form of online gambling worldwide, and in Australia the numbers are staggering. According to the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Australians lost A$31.5 billion on all forms of gambling in 2022–23 — the highest per-capita gambling losses of any country on Earth. Pokies, both land-based and online, account for the largest share of that.